long-duration GRBs

Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely powerful explosions in space that last more than two seconds. They occur when massive stars reach the end of their life, collapsing under their own gravity and forming a black hole or neutron star. This process releases an enormous amount of energy, producing intense beams of gamma rays that travel across the universe. These bursts are among the brightest events observable, allowing scientists to study the deaths of massive stars and the extreme physics involved. They typically happen in distant, star-forming galaxies and can provide insights into the early universe.