London transport history

London’s transport history reflects continuous innovation starting with horse-drawn carriages in the 17th century. The first underground railway, the Metropolitan, opened in 1863, revolutionizing urban travel. The network expanded to include buses, trams, and later electric trains, adapting to growth and technology. The London Underground, known as the Tube, became iconic and remains vital. Over time, fare systems transitioned from paper tickets to electronic Oyster cards, improving efficiency. Today, London’s transport system integrates trains, buses, cycling, and walking, supporting millions daily and balancing historic routes with modern developments.