littoral zone

The littoral zone is the part of a body of water, such as a lake, river, or ocean, that is closest to the shore. It typically extends from the high-water mark to the point where sunlight can no longer penetrate deeply, allowing plants to grow. This zone is rich in plant and animal life, supporting many species that rely on the shallow, sunlit environment for food, shelter, and breeding. It plays a vital role in the health of aquatic ecosystems by providing habitat, facilitating nutrient exchange, and supporting biodiversity.