lithological controls

Lithological controls refer to how the types and characteristics of rocks influence geological features and processes. Different rocks, such as sandstone, limestone, or shale, have unique properties like porosity, strength, and permeability that affect groundwater flow, mineral deposits, and land stability. For example, porous rocks can hold and transmit water, while hard, resistant rocks can form cliffs or barriers. Understanding these controls helps geologists predict where resources are found, assess hazards, and interpret earth history. Essentially, lithological controls highlight the role of rock types in shaping the physical landscape and its behaviors.