Liquid crystal displays

Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) are screens that use liquid crystals—materials that change their optical properties in response to electric signals—to produce images. These crystals are sandwiched between layers of glass and polarized filters. When an electric current alters the crystals' orientation, they either block or allow light to pass through, creating different colors and shades. Most LCDs rely on a backlight to illuminate the display. This technology is energy-efficient, produces sharp images, and is common in TVs, computer monitors, and smartphones.