Linear Volterra equations

Linear Volterra equations are a type of mathematical model that describe systems where the current output depends on past inputs in a weighted manner. Imagine shining a light through a series of filters, where each filter’s effect depends on what was sent earlier. These equations express that relationship by integrating past inputs multiplied by certain functions, capturing how history influences present behavior. They are used in fields like engineering, biology, and economics to model processes with memory effects, such as population growth or signal processing, providing a structured way to understand systems influenced by their own past states.