Limitations of IPv4

IPv4, the original Internet protocol, has limitations mainly because it uses a 32-bit address system, allowing for about 4.3 billion unique addresses. With the rapid growth of connected devices, these addresses are running out. Additionally, IPv4 lacks built-in security features and was not designed to handle the increasing complexity of modern networks. This has led to the need for workarounds like network address translation (NAT), which complicate network management. To address these issues, IPv6 was developed to provide a vastly larger pool of addresses and improved features for security and scalability.