limestone geology

Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcium carbonate, often formed from the accumulated remains of marine organisms like coral and shellfish. Over millions of years, these organic materials settle in underwater environments, then compress and solidify into rock. Limestone often features fossils, cavities, and distinctive textures and can form through biological accumulation or chemical precipitation. It is widely used in construction, agriculture, and industry and plays a significant role in Earth’s carbon cycle. Its formation traces back to marine settings, making it an important record of Earth's ancient oceans.