Light reactions

Light reactions are the first step of photosynthesis where plants convert sunlight into energy. Chlorophyll molecules in the chloroplasts absorb sunlight, energizing electrons. These high-energy electrons help produce two important molecules: ATP and NADPH, which store energy. During this process, water molecules are split, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. The overall purpose is to capture sunlight energy and transform it into chemical energy that the plant uses later to make sugars and other nutrients. This process happens quickly and is essential for providing the energy needed for the plant’s growth and development.