Light localization

Light localization occurs when light becomes trapped in a specific area due to variations in a material’s structure, preventing it from spreading out. This phenomenon is similar to how sound can be confined in a room with reflective surfaces, or how a river can slow and pool around obstacles. In certain disordered or complex materials, interference effects cause the light waves to interfere constructively in some regions and destructively in others, effectively stopping the light from moving freely. This effect is important in developing advanced optical devices, such as tiny lasers and highly sensitive sensors.