ligand-gated channels

Ligand-gated channels are specialized protein structures in cell membranes that open or close in response to specific molecules called ligands, such as neurotransmitters. When a ligand binds to the channel, it causes a change in the protein's shape, allowing ions (charged particles) like sodium or calcium to pass through. This process helps nerves communicate, muscles contract, and signals transmit rapidly in the body. These channels are essential for quick, targeted responses in electrical signaling within cells, playing a key role in nervous system function and muscle activity.