life in extreme conditions

Life in extreme conditions refers to organisms living in environments once thought uninhabitable, such as deep-sea vents, icy polar regions, or acidic hot springs. These organisms, called extremophiles, have adapted unique biological features to survive harsh factors like high pressure, intense heat or cold, high acidity, or low oxygen levels. Their survival strategies may include specialized enzymes, protective cell membranes, or metabolic pathways that function under extreme conditions. Studying extremophiles helps us understand life's resilience and potential for existence beyond Earth, revealing the remarkable ability of life to adapt and thrive in challenging environments.