Lichenology

Lichenology is the scientific study of lichens, which are complex organisms formed through a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. This partnership allows lichens to survive in diverse environments, often in extreme conditions like deserts, Arctic regions, and on rocks or tree bark. Lichenologists study their structure, physiology, ecology, and the roles they play in ecosystems—such as soil formation, air quality indicators, and providing habitat for other organisms. This field helps us understand biodiversity, environmental change, and the unique interactions between different organisms in shared habitats.