lexical category

Lexical category, also known as part of speech, refers to the group that a word belongs to based on its function and meaning in a sentence. Common categories include nouns (people, places, things), verbs (actions or states), adjectives (descriptive words), adverbs (modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs), pronouns (replace nouns), and prepositions (show relationships). Understanding these categories helps us grasp how words work together to form meaningful sentences. For example, "dog" (noun) is different from "run" (verb), and recognizing these differences clarifies sentence structure and meaning.