Lenses: Principles and Applications

Lenses are transparent objects that bend light to focus or disperse it, enabling us to see clearly or magnify images. They operate on the principle of refraction—changing the light's direction as it passes through different materials. Convex lenses converge light rays to a focal point, making objects appear larger or clearer, which is useful in glasses, microscopes, and cameras. Concave lenses spread light rays, used in devices like eyeglasses for nearsightedness. Understanding these principles helps us design optical tools that enhance vision, capture images, or project visuals effectively across various fields.