LEM (Law of Excluded Middle)

The Law of Excluded Middle (LEM) is a principle in logic stating that for any given statement, either that statement is true or its opposite (negation) is true—there's no middle ground. For example, “It is raining” is either true or false; there's no third option. This helps in formal reasoning by ensuring every statement has a clear truth value. While widely accepted in classical logic, some alternative logical systems question LEM's universal applicability, especially in contexts dealing with uncertainty or vague concepts.