Leaning Tower of Pisa (as architectural reference)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a famous Romanesque bell tower in Italy, renowned for its unintended tilt caused by unstable foundation soil. Constructed in the 12th century, its lean began during early building phases, which led engineers over the centuries to develop techniques to stabilize it without full demolition. Architecturally, it features intricate arcades, columns, and decorative arches characteristic of medieval Italian design. The tower stands about 56 meters tall and is a notable example of how geotechnical issues impact construction, highlighting both medieval engineering challenges and modern efforts to preserve historic structures.