Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA)

Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is a systematic risk assessment method used to evaluate and manage hazards in industrial processes. It identifies potential accident scenarios, estimates their likelihood and severity, and then assesses existing safety measures. By analyzing multiple protective layers—such as alarms, safety valves, or training—it determines if additional safeguards are needed. Essentially, LOPA helps organizations ensure that risks are controlled to acceptable levels by understanding how various safety mechanisms work together to prevent accidents or reduce their impact.