Lawshe's Content Validity Index

Lawshe's Content Validity Index (CVI) is a statistical measure used to evaluate how well experts agree that a particular item or question is relevant and representative of a specific concept or construct. Typically, a panel of experts reviews each item, rating its relevance on a scale. The CVI then calculates the proportion of experts who agree an item is valid (usually those rating it as relevant or very relevant). A higher CVI indicates strong consensus and confidence that the item accurately reflects the intended content, helping researchers ensure their tools are both valid and effective.