Lateral hypothalamus

The lateral hypothalamus is a small region deep in the brain that plays a key role in regulating hunger and wakefulness. It acts as a "feeding center," signaling when the body needs food, and influences alertness and activity levels. When the lateral hypothalamus is active, it increases the desire to eat and promotes alert behavior. Damage to this area can lead to reduced appetite and weight loss, while overstimulation might cause overeating. Overall, it helps coordinate essential functions related to energy balance, motivation, and consciousness.