Late Middle Ages

The Late Middle Ages, roughly from the 13th to the 15th century, was a period marked by significant social, political, and cultural changes in Europe. It followed the High Middle Ages and faced challenges like the Black Death, which drastically reduced the population, and ongoing conflicts such as the Hundred Years’ War. Despite hardships, it was also a time of growth in art, learning, and exploration, setting the stage for the Renaissance. The period saw the decline of feudalism, the rise of centralized monarchies, and important religious and intellectual developments shaping modern Europe.