late 20th-century avant-garde music

Late 20th-century avant-garde music is characterized by experimental approaches that challenge traditional notions of melody, harmony, and structure. Composers often explore new sounds, techniques, and technologies—such as electronic instruments, randomization, and unconventional notation—to expand the boundaries of musical expression. This movement emphasizes innovation, individual creativity, and the exploration of sounds often considered outside mainstream music. It reflects a desire to push artistic limits, resulting in compositions that can be abstract, noise-based, or immersive, inviting listeners to experience music from fresh, often unconventional perspectives.