Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a technique that uses a focused laser beam to analyze the composition of materials. When the laser hits a sample, it creates a tiny, high-temperature plasma that emits light containing unique spectral signatures of the elements present. By examining this light with a spectrometer, scientists can identify and quantify the elements quickly and non-destructively. LIBS is used in industries like mining, environmental monitoring, and metallurgy for rapid, on-site material analysis without needing extensive sample preparation.