landmark-based morphometrics

Landmark-based morphometrics is a scientific method used to analyze shapes by identifying specific, consistent points—called landmarks—on objects like animals, plants, or bones. These landmarks correspond to important features (e.g., the tip of a nose or the corner of an eye). By comparing the positions and arrangements of these points across different specimens, researchers can objectively study shape differences, growth patterns, or evolutionary changes. This technique allows for precise shape analysis and visualization, helping scientists understand biological diversity and development without relying solely on visual impressions.