Landau's symbols

Landau's symbols, known as Big O, Omega, and Theta, are mathematical tools used to describe how functions behave as their input grows large. Big O (O) provides an upper limit, showing the worst-case growth rate. Omega (Ω) gives a lower bound, indicating the best-case growth. Theta (Θ) tightly bounds a function from above and below, representing its exact asymptotic behavior. These symbols help analyze algorithm efficiency by comparing how quickly functions (like run times or memory use) increase, making it easier to understand and optimize computational performance for large inputs.