Land settlement

Land settlement refers to the gradual sinking or shifting of land surfaces due to natural or human-made causes. It often occurs when the ground beneath a structure compresses over time, such as after the extraction of underground resources, excessive groundwater withdrawal, or poor soil compaction during construction. This process can lead to uneven surfaces, cracking, and damage to buildings and infrastructure. Understanding land settlement is important for safe construction and infrastructure planning, as it helps prevent unexpected building damage and ensures stability over the long term.