Lambda Cold Dark Matter Model

The Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model is the leading scientific framework for understanding the universe's structure and evolution. It describes a universe composed of dark energy (represented by Lambda, Λ) that driving accelerated expansion, cold dark matter that provides the unseen mass necessary for galaxy formation, and ordinary matter (stars, planets). Together, these components explain observations like cosmic microwave background, galaxy distribution, and large-scale structures. ΛCDM successfully models how the universe expanded from the Big Bang, how galaxies formed, and how its expansion is accelerating today.