Lagrangian function

The Lagrangian function is a mathematical tool used to solve optimization problems with constraints. It combines the objective we want to maximize or minimize (like profit or efficiency) with constraints (limitations or requirements) into one formula. By introducing new variables called Lagrange multipliers, it helps find the best solution that satisfies all constraints simultaneously. Essentially, it transforms a complex problem with restrictions into a form where standard techniques can be applied to identify optimal points efficiently.