Lactation Biology

Lactation biology involves the processes by which mammals produce and secrete milk to nourish their offspring. It originates in the mammary glands, where specialized cells called alveoli produce milk in response to hormonal signals like prolactin. The milk then travels through ducts to the nipple or teat, from where the baby suckles to extract it. This process supports the infant's nutrition and immune system development. Lactation is regulated by complex hormonal interactions, primarily involving prolactin and oxytocin, which ensure milk production and ejection. Overall, lactation is a vital adaptive trait for mammalian species to ensure offspring survival.