Lactase deficiency

Lactase deficiency occurs when the small intestine produces insufficient amounts of lactase, the enzyme needed to break down lactose—the sugar found in milk and dairy products. Without enough lactase, lactose remains undigested, leading to symptoms like bloating, gas, diarrhea, and stomach cramps after consuming dairy. It's a common condition that can develop naturally with age or due to other factors affecting the gut. Management often involves reducing or eliminating lactose-containing foods, using lactase supplements, or choosing lactose-free products to prevent symptoms.