Labov's model

Labov's model describes how language varies based on social context, identifying three levels: the foundational "basilect" (more informal or local speech), the intermediate "mesolect" (a blend of standard and local features), and the most formal "acrolect" (closer to the standard or official language). These levels reflect how speakers adjust their language depending on formality, audience, and social identity, showing a continuum rather than separate categories. It highlights that language variation is dynamic and context-dependent, revealing social relationships, attitudes, and cultural identity through speech.