Kirkpatrick et al.

Kirkpatrick et al. developed a widely used model for evaluating training programs, focusing on four levels: 1) Reaction—how participants feel about the training; 2) Learning—what participants have gained in knowledge or skills; 3) Behavior—how their actions change after training; and 4) Results—the impact on organizational goals, such as improved performance or outcomes. This framework helps organizations assess whether training is effective and worthwhile. It encourages a comprehensive view, from immediate feedback to long-term impact, ensuring training investments lead to meaningful improvements.