Kinematic wave model

The Kinematic Wave model describes how traffic flows or other moving materials like water or traffic density spread over time and space. It treats the flow as a wave that travels through a system, such as cars on a highway. When traffic slows down or congestion occurs, the wave moves backward, while the flow of cars continues forward. This model helps predict how congestion develops and dissolves, based on how flow rates and densities interact. It simplifies complex dynamics into manageable equations, providing insight into how and when bottlenecks or traffic jams form and clear.