Kinase signaling pathways

Kinase signaling pathways are ways cells communicate and respond to their environment. Kinases are enzymes that attach phosphate groups to proteins, acting like molecular switches that turn signals on or off. When a signal, such as a hormone or growth factor, binds to a cell, it triggers a cascade where kinases activate each other in sequence. This process leads to changes in the cell—like dividing, moving, or producing specific proteins—ultimately helping cells adapt and function properly. These pathways are crucial for normal development and health, and their malfunction can lead to diseases like cancer.