Kiln (ceramics)

A kiln in ceramics is a specialized oven used to fire clay objects, transforming them from soft, malleable forms into durable, finished pieces. The process involves heating the clay to high temperatures, typically between 1,800°F and 2,400°F (980°C to 1,300°C), which causes chemical and physical changes, such as vitrification and strength development. Kilns can be electric, gas, or wood-fired, with precise temperature control to achieve desired effects like glazing or decorative finishes. This firing process is essential for increasing the durability, hardness, and aesthetic qualities of ceramic artworks and functional ware.