Kelvin's problem

Kelvin's problem involves finding the most efficient way to partition space into cells of equal volume that minimizes the total surface area. Specifically, it seeks the shape of these cells so that the total surface area is as small as possible for a given volume, which has implications in fields like material science and biology. The challenge is understanding how to arrange these cells—like bubbles or foams—optimally to reduce surface area while maintaining volume, revealing natural patterns such as the hexagonal arrangement seen in certain biological structures.