Kelsen (Hans Kelsen)

Hans Kelsen was a legal scholar known for developing the "Pure Theory of Law," which views law as a system of abstract norms independent of morality or politics. He argued that laws are structured hierarchically, with a fundamental constitutional norm (Grundnorm) that gives legitimacy to all other laws. Kelsen’s approach emphasizes law’s logical consistency and separation from moral or social influences, focusing on the formal rules that govern legal systems. His theory helps clarify how laws derive authority and how legal systems maintain coherence, ensuring laws are understandable and operative within society.