Kelp forest ecosystems

Kelp forest ecosystems are underwater environments dominated by large, brown seaweeds called kelp. These forests provide vital habitats and food for many marine species, including fish, sea urchins, and sea otters. Kelp grows rapidly in nutrient-rich waters, forming dense canopies that offer shelter and influence ocean conditions like light and temperature. They play a crucial role in coastal biodiversity, supporting complex food webs and helping to protect shorelines from erosion. Overall, kelp forests are dynamic, productive ecosystems that contribute significantly to ocean health and local economies.