Karplus equation

The Karplus equation relates the speed of nuclear spin interactions in NMR spectroscopy to the distance between two nuclei, such as hydrogen atoms, connected through bonds. Essentially, it allows scientists to estimate how far apart two nuclei are based on the strength of their interaction signals. The equation considers factors like the bond angles and the through-bond interactions, providing a way to determine the 3D structure of molecules. It’s a useful tool for understanding molecular conformation by translating NMR data into spatial information.