July Monarchy

The July Monarchy was a period in France from 1830 to 1848, marked by a constitutional monarchy under King Louis-Philippe. It began after the July Revolution, which overthrew the more distant Bourbon king. Louis-Philippe, known as the “Citizen King,” represented the interests of the bourgeoisie (middle class), favoring a more liberal government compared to previous monarchies. The era saw economic growth and urbanization but also social tensions, leading to protests and unrest. It ended with the 1848 Revolution, which replaced the monarchy with a republic.