Judge Jay S. Bybee

Judge Jay S. Bybee is a former United States Circuit Judge who served on the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Previously, he was a federal official involved in shaping U.S. national security policies, notably during the early 2000s. His role in the "Torture Memos"—legal documents that authorized certain interrogation techniques—generated controversy over their legal and ethical implications. Despite these debates, he is recognized for his judicial career, contributing to the development of appellate law in the United States.