Josepfus problem

The Josephus problem is a classic puzzle where a group of people stand in a circle and are eliminated one by one at a fixed interval until only one remains. Imagine counting around the circle, removing every k-th person each time. The question is: given the total number of people and the step count, who is the last survivor? This problem models scenarios like systematic elimination or selection processes and is used in computer algorithms and game theory to study circular arrangements and elimination patterns.