Joint effect

The joint effect refers to how two or more factors together influence an outcome, in a way that's different from each factor acting alone. It considers the combined impact, which can be greater or less than the sum of individual effects. For example, if two health risks together increase the chance of a disease more than each separately, their joint effect captures this combined influence. Understanding joint effects helps researchers see how multiple variables interact, providing a clearer picture of real-world situations where multiple factors work together.