Johnson & Scholes

Johnson & Scholes devised a strategic planning model that helps organizations understand their environment and make informed decisions. They identify two key environments: the external environment, which includes factors like competitors, market trends, and regulations, and the internal environment, which encompasses the company's resources and capabilities. By analyzing these, organizations can develop strategies that leverage strengths, address weaknesses, capitalize on opportunities, and defend against threats (SWOT analysis). Their framework aids managers in aligning internal operations with external conditions, ensuring the company remains competitive and adaptable in a changing marketplace.