John Raven

John Raven was a British educational psychologist renowned for developing the Raven’s Progressive Matrices, a non-verbal test used to assess abstract reasoning and general intelligence independently of language skills. The test presents patterns and visual puzzles that require individuals to identify the missing piece, providing a measure of problem-solving ability. Raven's work emphasized the importance of fluid intelligence—the capacity to think logically and solve new problems—making the test a valuable tool in education, psychology, and employment assessments. His contributions have helped improve understanding of cognitive abilities across diverse populations.