John R. Oppenheimer

John R. Oppenheimer was an influential American physicist best known as the scientific director of the Manhattan Project, which developed the first atomic bombs during World War II. Often called the "father of the atomic bomb," his leadership and expertise helped advance nuclear physics and technology. Beyond the project, he contributed to quantum mechanics and science education. Oppenheimer's work changed global politics and science, raising ethical questions about nuclear weapons. He faced later scrutiny during the Red Scare for his political beliefs but remains a pivotal figure in 20th-century science and history.