John Coustos

John Coustos was an 18th-century Portuguese-born military officer and freemason who is notable for his involvement in early discussions about Freemasonry's principles and practices. He gained attention for his efforts to promote and defend Freemasonry during a time of suspicion and opposition from authorities. His work contributed to the spread of Masonic ideas and the organization’s development in Europe. Coustos’s activities highlight the complex history of Freemasonry, reflecting its emphasis on fraternity, moral improvement, and intellectual pursuit amid prevailing social and political challenges.