John Collier (politician)

John Collier (1874–1968) was an American social reformer and politician who served as the Commissioner of Indian Affairs from 1933 to 1945. He is best known for advocating for Native American rights and cultural preservation, arguing against policies that aimed to assimilate Native peoples into mainstream American society. Collier promoted respecting Native traditions, land rights, and self-governance, working to improve living conditions and protect tribal cultures during the New Deal era. His efforts significantly influenced federal policies toward Native Americans, emphasizing cultural respect and sovereignty.