John B. Gurdon

John B. Gurdon is a scientists who transformed mature cells back into their original, versatile state, enabling them to develop into any cell type—a breakthrough known as nuclear reprogramming. His pioneering work in cloning frogs demonstrated that specialized cells retain all genetic information needed to create an entire organism. This discovery laid the foundation for advances in regenerative medicine, including stem cell research, and earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012, shared with Shinya Yamanaka. Gurdon's research has significantly deepened our understanding of cell development and genetic potential.