Jewish national movement

The Jewish national movement, known as Zionism, emerged in the late 19th century with the goal of establishing a Jewish homeland in Palestine. It responded to centuries of persecution, antisemitism, and longing for a national identity. Zionists believed that Jews should have a sovereign homeland where they could self-govern and preserve their culture. The movement gained momentum through political efforts, immigration, and land acquisition, culminating in the founding of the State of Israel in 1948. Today, Zionism continues to shape debates on Jewish self-determination and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.